在dired buffer按W (browse-url-of-dired-file)可以用系统默认工具打开文件，但如果文件包含中文字符，就无法打开，也没有错误信息。
试了一下，我这里没有问题。而且这个应该只是用浏览器打开，不是用系统默认工具打开。感觉问题可能出在实际被调用的那个工作是不是编码解析有问题，或是 browse-url-browser-function 是你自己写的，里面有什么锅。
这个是Emacs自带的函数，可以用默认程序打开文件 （dired - Windows: Open files by default application - Emacs Stack Exchange
我用consult-file-externally，包了个函数，绑定到 e 上
1 个赞
可以用，已抄配制，感谢！
除了在Dired里通过一个按键来实现之外，还有一种更爽的工作流。基本思路是：
- 用
consult-locate从整个硬盘里找到你要的文件（类似Alfred，Everything） - 在 minibuffer 选中某个文件后用
embark来调用consult-file-externally
consult-locate确实也好用，之前用过，不知道为什么我后来又注释掉了。
我觉得用 consult 或者 embark 解决这个问题有点怪异。我觉得就应该给一个选项让 find-file 自己判断什么文件用什么程序打开。我自己的使用情况是，除了音频/视频和一些特定的工程文件(比如 inkscape 打开 svg 之类的)， 其他文件我都是 dired/dirvish 处理的。
dirvish 有一个选项长这样:
(defcustom dirvish-open-with-programs
'(("video/" . ("mpv" "%f"))
("audio/" . ("mpv" "%f"))
(("html") . ("firefox" "%f")))
"Association list of mimetype and external program for `find-file'.
Each element is of the form (TYPE . (CMD . ARGS)). TYPE can be a
string that stands for a mimetype or a list of file name
extensions. Once the TYPE is matched with FILENAME in
`find-file', a subprocess according to CMD and its ARGS is
issued to open the file outside of Emacs. The special
placeholder \"%f\" in the ARGS is replaced by the FILENAME at
runtime. Set it to nil disables this feature."
:group 'dirvish
:type '(alist :key-type ((choice string (repeat string)) :tag "File mimetype or extensions")
:value-type ((repeat string) :tag "External command and args")))
通过这个选项，我开视频文件就是无脑回车。朋友们，体会一下。
2 个赞
其实我选择用 consult 的方案是因为本身就装了 consult，可以直接用。另外，目前我个人也不追求文件都在 Emacs 里面管理，操作系统的文件管理器还是会用的。
所以在 dired 目录下手动按键触发打开外部文件，还是比较适合的，因为我自己知道哪些文件需要外部打开。如果自动判断的话，也没法解决全部问题，比如 .txt 和 .md 的文件，直接回车就是 Emacs 打开了，有时我需要用外部的 notepad3 和 typora 打开。
对于喜欢都在 Emacs 进行管理和预览文件的话，dirvish 是值得一试的。
PS：Windows 系统上，如果喜欢在 dired 里面通过外部图像器浏览图片的话，推荐安装一个 Honeyview，在 dired 中按 e 打开图片，在图片中 按x 关闭，很方便，支持的格式又多（RAW 格式都支持），性能又好，比Emacs 内置的强多了。
也不一定要用 dirvish, 这其实只是一个思路。在写 dirvish 之前我也就是一直这么用的，也就是包裹一下 find-file.
比如 .txt 和 .md 的文件，直接回车就是 Emacs 打开了，有时我需要用外部的
notepad3和typora打开
确实，我在用 Emacs 之前有过类似的情况。后来逐渐统一了，一种文件就一种打开方式，我觉得这样比较省心。其他的情况 M-！ 也够我用了。
Edit: 编辑了半天编辑到老贴上去了，蛋疼。
自动打开的话，其实有个很老的包 openwith 就实现了，支持 find-file 的。
10年都没更新了，还能用，我之前用过。 
这种好多年不更新的包我都不太敢用，怕出问题了没人管，哈哈。不过这个也不需要装什么包，50行左右就搞定了。
如果喜欢在 dired 里面通过外部图像器浏览图片的话，推荐安装一个 Honeyview，在 dired 中按 e 打开图片，在图片中 按x 关闭
你说到这个，我就很想展示一下 dirvish 的性能，最近又优化了一下。
不过我不知道 windows 上效果怎么样，说不准根本用不了。
后面有空我再加几个放大缩小旋转的功能，就不需要什么外部的图片浏览器了。
3 个赞
你这个图像预览真的强，比 ranger 厉害了 
回头用 Linux 系统时候再体验一下。
1 个赞
试了一下dirvish,感觉还不错，不过Emacs老崩溃，不知道是不是dirvish的原因。
Process: Emacs [38864]
Path: /opt/homebrew/*/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs
Identifier: org.gnu.Emacs
Version: Version 28.1 (9.0)
Code Type: ARM-64 (Native)
Parent Process: launchd [1]
User ID: 501
Date/Time: 2022-05-27 13:17:24.0266 +0800
OS Version: macOS 12.4 (21F79)
Report Version: 12
Anonymous UUID: 75548F30-FE51-464E-A529-3BB5F24AE882
Sleep/Wake UUID: 83140321-4B9B-41EC-B8E7-1B04379BCC53
Time Awake Since Boot: 150000 seconds
Time Since Wake: 1310 seconds
System Integrity Protection: disabled
Crashed Thread: 0 Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread
Exception Type: EXC_BAD_ACCESS (SIGABRT)
Exception Codes: KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x00000000000008fb
Exception Codes: 0x0000000000000001, 0x00000000000008fb
Exception Note: EXC_CORPSE_NOTIFY
VM Region Info: 0x8fb is not in any region. Bytes before following region: 105553518917381
REGION TYPE START - END [ VSIZE] PRT/MAX SHRMOD REGION DETAIL
UNUSED SPACE AT START
--->
MALLOC_NANO (reserved) 600018000000-600020000000 [128.0M] rw-/rwx SM=NUL ...(unallocated)
Kernel Triage:
VM - pmap_enter failed with resource shortage
Thread 0 Crashed:: Dispatch queue: com.apple.main-thread
0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x1b6496d98 __pthread_kill + 8
1 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64cbee0 pthread_kill + 288
2 libsystem_c.dylib 0x1b63ce680 raise + 32
3 Emacs 0x104c96220 terminate_due_to_signal + 204
4 Emacs 0x104c9689c emacs_abort + 20
5 Emacs 0x104c67b24 ns_term_shutdown + 132
6 Emacs 0x104b7dad0 shut_down_emacs + 328
7 Emacs 0x104c961e8 terminate_due_to_signal + 148
8 Emacs 0x104b9867c handle_fatal_signal + 16
9 Emacs 0x104b986f8 deliver_thread_signal + 124
10 Emacs 0x104b970e0 deliver_fatal_thread_signal + 12
11 Emacs 0x104b98738 handle_sigsegv + 64
12 libsystem_platform.dylib 0x1b64e34a4 _sigtramp + 56
13 Emacs 0x104bbb67c find_newline + 444
14 Emacs 0x104bbbe64 find_before_next_newline + 56
15 Emacs 0x104be1394 Fline_end_position + 192
16 dired-6a3ae2bc-4d19216a.eln 0x17a44eed0 F64697265642d6d6f76652d746f2d66696c656e616d65_dired_move_to_filename_0 + 268
17 Emacs 0x104beeb68 funcall_subr + 284
18 Emacs 0x104bee334 Ffuncall + 600
19 dired-6a3ae2bc-4d19216a.eln 0x17a44e1fc F64697265642d6765742d66696c656e616d65_dired_get_filename_0 + 1100
20 Emacs 0x104beeb68 funcall_subr + 284
21 Emacs 0x104bee334 Ffuncall + 600
22 dirvish-cdf30b1c-405155b7.eln 0x17a3c72f8 F646972766973682d73796d6c696e6b2d6d6c_dirvish_symlink_ml_0 + 276
23 Emacs 0x104beb08c eval_sub + 1064
24 Emacs 0x104beda80 Feval + 100
25 Emacs 0x104beeb68 funcall_subr + 284
26 Emacs 0x104bee334 Ffuncall + 600
27 Emacs 0x104becee8 internal_condition_case_n + 120
28 Emacs 0x104afe33c safe__call + 344
29 Emacs 0x104afe3f4 safe__call1 + 36
30 Emacs 0x104b0be30 display_mode_element + 800
31 Emacs 0x104b0d450 display_mode_element + 6464
32 Emacs 0x104b0b730 Fformat_mode_line + 760
33 Emacs 0x104beb194 eval_sub + 1328
34 Emacs 0x104bebeac FletX + 136
35 Emacs 0x104beb0b4 eval_sub + 1104
36 Emacs 0x104beda80 Feval + 100
37 Emacs 0x104beeb68 funcall_subr + 284
38 Emacs 0x104bee334 Ffuncall + 600
39 Emacs 0x104becee8 internal_condition_case_n + 120
40 Emacs 0x104afe33c safe__call + 344
41 Emacs 0x104afe3f4 safe__call1 + 36
42 Emacs 0x104b0be30 display_mode_element + 800
43 Emacs 0x104b0d450 display_mode_element + 6464
44 Emacs 0x104af8794 display_mode_line + 368
45 Emacs 0x104b21554 display_mode_lines + 404
46 Emacs 0x104b29734 redisplay_window + 16988
47 Emacs 0x104b254cc redisplay_window_0 + 44
48 Emacs 0x104becb98 internal_condition_case_1 + 100
49 Emacs 0x104b24aac redisplay_windows + 168
50 Emacs 0x104b041ec redisplay_internal + 4652
51 Emacs 0x104b83bbc read_char + 2104
52 Emacs 0x104b81ea8 read_key_sequence + 1084
53 Emacs 0x104b80afc command_loop_1 + 768
54 Emacs 0x104becb0c internal_condition_case + 96
55 Emacs 0x104b807e8 command_loop_2 + 52
56 Emacs 0x104bec618 internal_catch + 88
57 Emacs 0x104c96534 command_loop.cold.1 + 80
58 Emacs 0x104b80178 command_loop + 156
59 Emacs 0x104b80078 recursive_edit_1 + 120
60 Emacs 0x104b802b0 Frecursive_edit + 288
61 Emacs 0x104b7f6f0 main + 7116
62 dyld 0x10522508c start + 520
Thread 1:: gmain
0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x1b6499598 __select + 8
1 libglib-2.0.0.dylib 0x10597dc74 g_poll + 424
2 libglib-2.0.0.dylib 0x105970f10 g_main_context_iterate + 336
3 libglib-2.0.0.dylib 0x105970fd8 g_main_context_iteration + 60
4 libglib-2.0.0.dylib 0x10597241c glib_worker_main + 48
5 libglib-2.0.0.dylib 0x105994cd4 g_thread_proxy + 68
6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64cc26c _pthread_start + 148
7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64c708c thread_start + 8
Thread 2:
0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x1b6499598 __select + 8
1 Emacs 0x104c68ecc -[EmacsApp fd_handler:] + 200
2 Foundation 0x1b747363c __NSThread__start__ + 808
3 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64cc26c _pthread_start + 148
4 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64c708c thread_start + 8
Thread 3:: com.apple.NSEventThread
0 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x1b648e8b0 mach_msg_trap + 8
1 libsystem_kernel.dylib 0x1b648ed20 mach_msg + 76
2 CoreFoundation 0x1b65992b0 __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort + 372
3 CoreFoundation 0x1b6597760 __CFRunLoopRun + 1180
4 CoreFoundation 0x1b6596b24 CFRunLoopRunSpecific + 600
5 AppKit 0x1b926a374 _NSEventThread + 196
6 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64cc26c _pthread_start + 148
7 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64c708c thread_start + 8
Thread 4:
0 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64c7078 start_wqthread + 0
Thread 5:
0 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64c7078 start_wqthread + 0
Thread 6:
0 libsystem_pthread.dylib 0x1b64c7078 start_wqthread + 0
Thread 0 crashed with ARM Thread State (64-bit):
x0: 0x0000000000000000 x1: 0x0000000000000000 x2: 0x0000000000000000 x3: 0x00000001b62db04c
x4: 0x000060000158b200 x5: 0x0000000000000000 x6: 0x0000000000001400 x7: 0x0000000000000600
x8: 0x2d92efc205dc47b5 x9: 0x2d92efc300f5c235 x10: 0x0000000000000001 x11: 0x020000020ee9696d
x12: 0x0000000000000191 x13: 0x00000000b7073929 x14: 0x00000000b7274000 x15: 0x00000000000000e8
x16: 0x0000000000000148 x17: 0x0000000210557680 x18: 0x0000000000000000 x19: 0x0000000000000006
x20: 0x0000000105298580 x21: 0x0000000000000103 x22: 0x0000000105298660 x23: 0x00000000000000e3
x24: 0x00000000000002c5 x25: 0x0000000000000000 x26: 0x0000000000000000 x27: 0x0000000000000001
x28: 0x00000000000000e3 fp: 0x00000001050e2060 lr: 0x00000001b64cbee0
sp: 0x00000001050e2040 pc: 0x00000001b6496d98 cpsr: 0x40001000
far: 0x00000000000008fb esr: 0x56000080 Address size fault
Binary Images:
0x1b648d000 - 0x1b64c4fff libsystem_kernel.dylib (*) <03f48dc5-caa7-3678-af61-1a3c7fa8b06e> /usr/lib/system/libsystem_kernel.dylib
0x1b64c5000 - 0x1b64d1fff libsystem_pthread.dylib (*) <42166a2c-89a9-3c38-a215-f028544cea23> /usr/lib/system/libsystem_pthread.dylib
0x1b638c000 - 0x1b640dfff libsystem_c.dylib (*) <86746b94-88e3-342d-b2b2-54303404e492> /usr/lib/system/libsystem_c.dylib
0x104ad8000 - 0x104cd7fff org.gnu.Emacs (Version 28.1) <267914ca-10d1-3d61-b4ff-d60b1392d3c5> /opt/homebrew/*/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs
0x1b64df000 - 0x1b64e6fff libsystem_platform.dylib (*) <d7aba99f-ba00-36e9-945d-48acf57fc568> /usr/lib/system/libsystem_platform.dylib
0x17a444000 - 0x17a45ffff dired-6a3ae2bc-4d19216a.eln (*) <49dc7e96-17e2-31bb-aa2a-bd0edd429038> /Users/USER/*/dired-6a3ae2bc-4d19216a.eln
0x17a3b4000 - 0x17a3d3fff dirvish-cdf30b1c-405155b7.eln (*) <dea6ab57-1934-32ef-9f87-1bdd5a8ae640> /Users/USER/*/dirvish-cdf30b1c-405155b7.eln
0x105220000 - 0x10527ffff dyld (*) <d9c2a46e-8dc4-3950-9d6a-f799e8ccb683> /usr/lib/dyld
0x10593c000 - 0x105a1ffff libglib-2.0.0.dylib (*) <397aee53-70e4-3b62-a470-46c9de77d6f7> /opt/homebrew/*/libglib-2.0.0.dylib
0x1b7417000 - 0x1b7808fff com.apple.Foundation (6.9) <a2e534d9-cdf0-397f-a41e-147559c83893> /System/Library/Frameworks/Foundation.framework/Versions/C/Foundation
0x1b6514000 - 0x1b6a5afff com.apple.CoreFoundation (6.9) <994db908-11a1-3e43-b7df-25c09d51368a> /System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/Versions/A/CoreFoundation
0x1b90bc000 - 0x1b9f73fff com.apple.AppKit (6.9) <a773dd23-b1c8-3c9b-9175-9a71d210ace0> /System/Library/Frameworks/AppKit.framework/Versions/C/AppKit
0x0 - 0xffffffffffffffff ??? (*) <00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000> ???
External Modification Summary:
Calls made by other processes targeting this process:
task_for_pid: 0
thread_create: 0
thread_set_state: 0
Calls made by this process:
task_for_pid: 0
thread_create: 0
thread_set_state: 0
Calls made by all processes on this machine:
task_for_pid: 0
thread_create: 0
thread_set_state: 0
VM Region Summary:
ReadOnly portion of Libraries: Total=928.8M resident=0K(0%) swapped_out_or_unallocated=928.8M(100%)
Writable regions: Total=2.7G written=0K(0%) resident=0K(0%) swapped_out=0K(0%) unallocated=2.7G(100%)
VIRTUAL REGION
REGION TYPE SIZE COUNT (non-coalesced)
=========== ======= =======
Accelerate framework 384K 3
Activity Tracing 256K 1
CG backing stores 3520K 4
CG image 256K 13
ColorSync 496K 24
CoreAnimation 160K 9
CoreGraphics 16K 1
CoreUI image data 1504K 10
Foundation 16K 1
Kernel Alloc Once 32K 1
MALLOC 585.3M 131
MALLOC guard page 192K 10
MALLOC_MEDIUM (reserved) 744.0M 7 reserved VM address space (unallocated)
MALLOC_NANO (reserved) 384.0M 1 reserved VM address space (unallocated)
STACK GUARD 96K 6
Stack 11.2M 7
Stack (reserved) 1616K 1 reserved VM address space (unallocated)
Stack Guard 54.4M 1
VM_ALLOCATE 224K 14
__AUTH 1917K 183
__AUTH_CONST 11.3M 345
__CTF 756 1
__DATA 1.0G 996
__DATA_CONST 19.4M 697
__DATA_DIRTY 856K 116
__FONT_DATA 4K 1
__LINKEDIT 609.4M 563
__OBJC_CONST 1760K 154
__OBJC_RO 83.0M 1
__OBJC_RW 3152K 1
__TEXT 319.4M 921
__UNICODE 592K 1
dyld private memory 1024K 1
mapped file 2.1G 607
shared memory 864K 15
=========== ======= =======
TOTAL 5.9G 4848
TOTAL, minus reserved VM space 4.8G 4848
-----------
Full Report
-----------
{"app_name":"Emacs","timestamp":"2022-05-27 13:17:24.00 +0800","app_version":"Version 28.1","slice_uuid":"267914ca-10d1-3d61-b4ff-d60b1392d3c5","build_version":"9.0","platform":1,"bundleID":"org.gnu.Emacs","share_with_app_devs":0,"is_first_party":0,"bug_type":"309","os_version":"macOS 12.4 (21F79)","incident_id":"90ED164E-02AD-4B2D-A423-25F2EFB74A9E","name":"Emacs"}
{
"uptime" : 150000,
"procLaunch" : "2022-05-27 13:09:50.1708 +0800",
"procRole" : "Foreground",
"version" : 2,
"userID" : 501,
"deployVersion" : 210,
"modelCode" : "MacBookPro18,3",
"procStartAbsTime" : 3668997968401,
"coalitionID" : 1206,
"osVersion" : {
"train" : "macOS 12.4",
"build" : "21F79",
"releaseType" : "User"
},
"captureTime" : "2022-05-27 13:17:24.0266 +0800",
"incident" : "90ED164E-02AD-4B2D-A423-25F2EFB74A9E",
"bug_type" : "309",
"pid" : 38864,
"procExitAbsTime" : 3679889103978,
"translated" : false,
"cpuType" : "ARM-64",
"procName" : "Emacs",
"procPath" : "\/opt\/homebrew\/*\/Emacs.app\/Contents\/MacOS\/Emacs",
"bundleInfo" : {"CFBundleShortVersionString":"Version 28.1","CFBundleVersion":"9.0","CFBundleIdentifier":"org.gnu.Emacs"},
"storeInfo" : {"deviceIdentifierForVendor":"C4F05C8D-7DC5-58AA-9C05-DBF43789EC38","thirdParty":true},
"parentProc" : "launchd",
"parentPid" : 1,
"coalitionName" : "org.gnu.Emacs",
"crashReporterKey" : "75548F30-FE51-464E-A529-3BB5F24AE882",
"wakeTime" : 1310,
"sleepWakeUUID" : "83140321-4B9B-41EC-B8E7-1B04379BCC53",
"sip" : "disabled",
"vmRegionInfo" : "0x8fb is not in any region. Bytes before following region: 105553518917381\n REGION TYPE START - END [ VSIZE] PRT\/MAX SHRMOD REGION DETAIL\n UNUSED SPACE AT START\n---> \n MALLOC_NANO (reserved) 600018000000-600020000000 [128.0M] rw-\/rwx SM=NUL ...(unallocated)",
"isCorpse" : 1,
"exception" : {"codes":"0x0000000000000001, 0x00000000000008fb","rawCodes":[1,2299],"type":"EXC_BAD_ACCESS","signal":"SIGABRT","subtype":"KERN_INVALID_ADDRESS at 0x00000000000008fb"},
"ktriageinfo" : "VM - pmap_enter failed with resource shortage\n",
"vmregioninfo" : "0x8fb is not in any region. Bytes before following region: 105553518917381\n REGION TYPE START - END [ VSIZE] PRT\/MAX SHRMOD REGION DETAIL\n UNUSED SPACE AT START\n---> \n MALLOC_NANO (reserved) 600018000000-600020000000 [128.0M] rw-\/rwx SM=NUL ...(unallocated)",
"extMods" : {"caller":{"thread_create":0,"thread_set_state":0,"task_for_pid":0},"system":{"thread_create":0,"thread_set_state":0,"task_for_pid":0},"targeted":{"thread_create":0,"thread_set_state":0,"task_for_pid":0},"warnings":0},
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从这个日志来看，有这个可能性。不过这种崩溃更可能是涉及到你的 Emacs build (比如是不是加了 --with-no-title-bar 之类的) 或者 macOS 本身。
我用的Emacs-plus, 好像只用了 --with-native-comp这个选项。另外我的HEIC格式的图片几乎都没法预览，需要额外配制的？
因为 Emacs 自己打不开 
除了这个格式还有吗? heic 的我刚刚加上了，现在应该可以了。
好像还是不可以，有错误
Type C-c C-c or C-c C-x to view the image as text or hex.
Error during redisplay: (eval (let* ((dv (dirvish-curr)) (buf (alist-get (dv-index-dir dv) (dv-root-dir-buf-alist dv) nil nil #'equal)) (scale 1) (win-width (floor (/ (window-width) scale))) (str-l (format-mode-line '((:eval (dirvish-path-ml dv))) nil nil buf)) (str-r (format-mode-line 'nil nil nil buf)) (len-l (1- (length str-l))) (len-r (string-width str-r)) (str-width (+ (string-width str-l) len-r)) (filling-spaces (propertize " " 'display `((space :align-to (- (+ right right-fringe right-margin) ,(ceiling (* scale (string-width str-r))))))))) (concat (dirvish--bar-image (dv-layout dv) t) (if (< str-width win-width) str-l (let ((trim (1- (- win-width len-r)))) (if (>= trim 0) (substring str-l 0 (min trim len-l)) ""))) filling-spaces str-r))) signaled (wrong-type-argument dirvish nil) [2 times]
是怎么个不行啊? 这个报错和预览没关系。
你能把你界面截个图看看吗
