spacemacs 中有哪些比较好的 C/C++ 配置

ziyuanjun · 2017 年8 月 17 日 13:44

最近在写C，找了一下 emacs 的配置，发现这个很好： C/C++ Development Environment for Emacs
可这个是针对C/C++单独配置的，我用 spacemacs, 所以想问一下，spacemacs 有没有什么相关的。

spacemacs 的 c-c++ layer, 想功能多一些就还要再装上好几个别的 layer（semantic，cscope， auto-completion，ycmd），感觉好庞大啊！

stonejiang208 · 2017 年8 月 18 日 01:45

我也是在写C/C++程序，共同学习一下spacemacs吧.

ziyuanjun · 2017 年8 月 18 日 09:42

好的啊！

用过 function-args 吗？

ziyuanjun · 2017 年8 月 18 日 14:13

我照着第一个链接，给spacemacs配置了几个package，已经很好用了！

twlz0ne · 2017 年8 月 18 日 16:10

C/C++ Development Environment for Emacs 是几年前的老帖了，要整合进 spacemacs 似乎不太容易，而且它竟然把 CEDET 又捡起来了。

spacemacs 的 c-c++ layer 没用过，只知道 ycmd 安装比较麻烦。

现在很少写 c，偶尔用下 irony-mode 还可以。irony 跟 ycmd 是一个级别的东西，整合进 spacemacs 应该简单替换就可以了，其他如 company 之类的沿用。

论坛之前有不少关于 c/c++ 配置的讨论：'ycmd irony c++' 的搜索结果 - Emacs China

另外，陈斌大神的 https://github.com/redguardtoo/cpputils-cmake 也是一个相当完整的 c/c++ 配置。

twlz0ne · 2017 年9 月 28 日 09:17

这是一份新的 c-ide 配置，在 tuhdo 的配置上做了比较多的修改：

http://syamajala.github.io/c-ide.html

Emacs as C++ IDE

This guide is meant as supplement to Tudho’s C/C++ Development Enivornment for Emacs Guide. It assumes you:

Use CMake to build your projects

Have Clang/LLVM installed

Want to setup RTags and Irony

Want to integrate RTags and Irony with Company.

oracleyue · 2017 年10 月 6 日 22:22

我都配置，（不是spacemacs，原生的），是参照一下两个取舍而得： http://tuhdo.github.io/c-ide.html http://syamajala.github.io/c-ide.html

基本的一些source nagivation和基本editing功能来源于第一个老贴，虽然老但它写的很清楚。我选择：基本的editing推荐+ helm-gtags，以及一些小插件，比如function-args什么的（基本弃用CEDET，只用它的semantic-mode，用于辅助function-args 或者 helm-semantic-or-imenu，sticky-function什么的）

重量级的补全用irony-mode, 精确的C++语言的tag跳转用rtags. (helm-gtags我也开着，它支持别的语言，用makefile的话我图简单粗暴一般就用gtags了。如果用cmake且工程大了点，复杂C++特性用的多就主要用rtags了）。 Flycheck整合使用irony。

别的也没什么了

看我的dotfiles：https://github.com/oracleyue/dotfiles/tree/master/_emacs.d.25.1.osx/init 我陆陆续续陪了四套: auto-complete-clang-async；company-clang; irony-mode; irony-mode + rtags + cmake-ide，（默认helm-gtags总是开着的），分别对应于

emacs-init-cc-ac.el
emacs-init-cc-comp.el
emacs-init-irony.org
emacs-init-modern.org

我默认开的是第三个。不过我同时跑几个emacs servers （–daemon），所以转用第四上rtags也很方便；前两个弃用了。

emacsun · 2018 年1 月 25 日 06:14

在windows下编译irony-server.exe 总失败，我用的是visual studio , 说是找不到clang-c/Index.h …我在想：能不能把别人编译好的irony-server.exe拿来用？自己编译实在搞不定我编译的输出结果是：

c:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build>cmake -DLIBCLANG_LIBRARY=c:\tools\LLVM\lib\libclang.lib -DLIBCLANG_INCLUDE_DIR=c:\tools\LLVM\lib -G “Visual Studio 14 2015 Win64” … – Selecting Windows SDK version to target Windows 10.0.16299. – The C compiler identification is MSVC 19.0.24210.0 – The CXX compiler identification is MSVC 19.0.24210.0 – Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe – Check for working C compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe – works – Detecting C compiler ABI info – Detecting C compiler ABI info - done – Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe – Check for working CXX compiler: C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/bin/x86_amd64/cl.exe – works – Detecting CXX compiler ABI info – Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done – Detecting CXX compile features – Detecting CXX compile features - done – Found LibClang: C:/tools/LLVM/lib/libclang.lib – Detecting Clang resource directory – Detecting Clang resource directory – fail CMake Warning at cmake/CheckClangResourceDir.cmake:77 (message): CheckClangResourceDir: failed to compile checker, please report.

Compile output: Change Dir: C:/Users/cliyh/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/elpa/irony-20180104.1109/server/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeTmp

Run Build Command:“C:/Program Files (x86)/MSBuild/14.0/bin/MSBuild.exe” “cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj” “/p:Configuration=Debug” “/p:VisualStudioVersion=14.0”

Microsoft ® Build Engine version 14.0.25420.1

Build started 1/25/2018 12:00:28 AM.

Project “C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj” on node 1 (default targets).

PrepareForBuild:

Creating directory “cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug”. Creating directory “C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\Debug”. Creating directory “cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug\cmTC_e8b70.tlog”.

InitializeBuildStatus:

Creating “cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug\cmTC_e8b70.tlog\unsuccessfulbuild” because “AlwaysCreate” was specified.

ClCompile:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\VC\bin\x86_amd64\CL.exe /c /IC:\tools\LLVM\lib /Zi /W3 /WX- /Od /Ob0 /D WIN32 /D _WINDOWS /D _HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0 /D “CMAKE_INTDIR=“Debug”” /D _MBCS /Gm- /EHsc /RTC1 /MDd /GS /fp:precise /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /Zc:inline /GR /Fo"cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug\" /Fd"cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug\vc140.pdb" /Gd /TP /errorReport:queue /EHs-c- “C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\LibClangDiagnosticsChecker.cpp” Microsoft ® C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 19.00.24210 for x64 Copyright © Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

LibClangDiagnosticsChecker.cpp cl /c /IC:\tools\LLVM\lib /Zi /W3 /WX- /Od /Ob0 /D WIN32 /D _WINDOWS /D _HAS_EXCEPTIONS=0 /D “CMAKE_INTDIR=“Debug”” /D _MBCS /Gm- /EHsc /RTC1 /MDd /GS /fp:precise /Zc:wchar_t /Zc:forScope /Zc:inline /GR /Fo"cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug\" /Fd"cmTC_e8b70.dir\Debug\vc140.pdb" /Gd /TP /errorReport:queue /EHs-c- “C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\LibClangDiagnosticsChecker.cpp”

cl : Command line warning D9025: overriding ‘/EHs’ with ‘/EHs-’ [C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj]

cl : Command line warning D9025: overriding ‘/EHc’ with ‘/EHc-’ [C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj]

C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\LibClangDiagnosticsChecker.cpp(9): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: ‘clang-c/Index.h’: No such file or directory [C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj]

Done Building Project "C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj" (default targets) – FAILED.

Build FAILED.

“C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj” (default target) (1) ->

(ClCompile target) ->

cl : Command line warning D9025: overriding ‘/EHs’ with ‘/EHs-’ [C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj] cl : Command line warning D9025: overriding ‘/EHc’ with ‘/EHc-’ [C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj]

“C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj” (default target) (1) ->

(ClCompile target) ->

C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\LibClangDiagnosticsChecker.cpp(9): fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: ‘clang-c/Index.h’: No such file or directory [C:\Users\cliyh\AppData\Roaming.emacs.d\elpa\irony-20180104.1109\server\build\CMakeFiles\CMakeTmp\cmTC_e8b70.vcxproj]

2 Warning(s) 1 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:00.85

Call Stack (most recent call first): src/CMakeLists.txt:8 (check_clang_resource_dir)

– Irony package version is ‘1.2.0’ – Found emacs: C:/Emacs64/bin/emacs.exe – Configuring done – Generating done – Build files have been written to: C:/Users/cliyh/AppData/Roaming/.emacs.d/elpa/irony-20180104.1109/server/build

emacsun · 2018 年1 月 25 日 06:15

提示失败的地方，我已经加粗了

oracleyue · 2018 年1 月 25 日 09:44

你看看这个帖子有没有帮助，它github给的wiki。我用的mac，不太清楚win。应该是缺少clang的头文件库，默认安装clang是没有这个的。不过当时我直接用homebrew安装再编译也不行，后来下载了源码，测试编译通过而且能用，然后才又回头调用homebrew安装的库成功的；主要貌似是自动搜索头文件的位置失败，需要cmake时指定。我在我自己的那篇blog提供了我编译时的命令，你结合的改改试试？

另外，你应该用cmake编译吧？除非你设置visual studio是用cmake的；具体不懂啊，我只用过VC6.0啊，还是当年本科时学C++时

JJPandari · 2018 年1 月 25 日 10:43

可以试试装个cygwin，我偶尔在windows下编译过东西，cygwin带的包基本能满足要求。

emacsun · 2018 年1 月 26 日 01:27

非常感谢，我去试试看

emacsun · 2018 年1 月 26 日 01:33

我是按照你给出的那个链接中使用visual studio编译的，用到了cmake

我之前用过cygwin，也用过cgywin里的emacs，后来是因为它自带的emacs版本太低了。不知道cygwin里的emacs对clang的支持如何，我回头试一下。

在windows下就是折腾，但是又不得不用。。。衰。。。

eksea · 2018 年1 月 26 日 01:40

折腾了很久，最后发现Clion加emacs插件是最理想的c++ ide

JJPandari · 2018 年1 月 26 日 02:18

不不，不是让你用cygwin的emacs，是，你要编译东西(比如irony-server.exe)的话，cygwin里基本都有一包包的头文件啥的，不用他就要到各处去找。

MaskRay · 2018 年1 月 26 日 08:10

spacemacs c-c++ layer 髒東西太多了

github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs

C-C++ layer cleanup

opened 03:38PM - 12 Jan 18 UTC

closed 11:49AM - 28 May 20 UTC

quicknir

C/C++ - Mailling list - stale

I'm glad to see that C-C++ layer has gotten some much needed TLC, especially rta…gs support. However, it's also become a bit of a mess with many packages supporting the same functionality, sometimes to no purpose. I've maintained my own fairly detailed C++ layer for a while, so I have some thoughts that I think could improve the layer, and also really reduce confusion for people using it. First, is to eliminate redundant packages. In particular, there are multiple packages that all do the same exact thing as ycmd, but worse. ycmd is a really well maintained, polished project, and alternatives to error checking and completion that are a hundred lines of elisp calling to the clang binary are not going to match it. These packages (or, in some cases, they are parts of other packages like flycheck or company), are: flycheck-clang, company-clang, and company-clang-headers. I'm sure someone will argue in favor of them, but ycmd does all of what these do, and significantly better, and ycmd is far more performant on large projects. ycmd is very easy to install (it's even in some package managers). We should encourage people to use by far the best tool in the semantic completion/error checking space, simplifying the layer in the process. Second, there are some other packages that I think can't really carry their weight: - srefactor: to have this work properly, you need significant additional setup so that semantic properly indexes your entire project. In addition, the semantic parser isn't very good and this isn't likely to work reliably on a modern codebase. You are much better off using rtags refactor; it only does renaming but it will actually do it reliably. - realgud: I've played around with this in the past, and it offers no functionality that gdb-mi doesn't already offer (it actually uses gdb-mi). It doesn't support all the windows that gdb-mi offers with multiple windows. We should only use gdb-mi, and work on making small improvements rather than bothering with realgud. - google style: with all respect, this really shouldn't be there. Most of us don't use google style. If you want to provide a layer variable that sets up a C style, with a default that also serves as an example, and that example happens to be google's style, I'm fine with that (and it would be very helpful, as a beginner it took me forever to figure out how to configure style). Third, there are a lot of issues with the keybindings. All of the rtags stuff is bound under `g`, even if it makes no sense. `g` is supposed to be for "goto", things that navigate you in the code. rename-symbol, reparse buffer, fixits, etc, none of these are examples of going anywhere. Also, it is not necessary to bind every single rtags functions under the sun. Some of these are useless; `location stack backward` is already handled by `C-o`, for example. `rtags-goto-offset`. Etc. Let's look and see what's actually useful before binding it. Fourth, there are some issues with how clang-format is setup. First, the `add-hook` call that adds to the save hook should pass the add-hook option to make it buffer local. Currently I end up with clang format hook in all my buffers (including python). Second, the hook should always be added, not conditionally on the option of whether or not to reformat on save. The conditional is handled in the function call itself, checking this conditional in two points is redundant, and it also means that if format on save is off and you turn it on, you need to close and reopen buffers for it to work. Fifth, the documentation is insufficient. Sixth, the clang-format bindings are more complicated than needs to be. `clang-format` is not something that people use selectively, it's almost always used as a required auto formatter. `, =` should format the whole buffer, and that's all, just like yapf does in python mode. I'm also not very clear why so many functions are written from scratch when `clang-format-region` is already provided. But If you test out `clang-format-region`, you'll quickly see that clang-format just isn't very good at formatting part of a buffer; that's not what it's designed to do, and you get very weird results sometimes. After getting rid of all these layers, instead of having a million variables enabling/disabling each component, it should just boil down to whether you have a compilation database. If you do, use rtags and ycmd. If you don't, use gtags. Maybe a second option to use ycmd even if you don't have a compilation database (sometimes the default flags work ok). My layer addresses most of these points: https://github.com/quicknir/config/tree/master/spacemacs.d/layers/cpp2. It is missing some layers that should be supported (like gtags, ivy-rtags, etc), and it doesn't have everything bound. But most of the things I've discussed above are better handled here. It also sets up the jump handlers correctly so that it tries to use rtags, and if rtags server is not running, it will fall back to ycmd's goto def, which is decent. I think some merge of the current layer and my layer would result in an ideal C-C++ layer that I'd be happy to use and I think would improve things for other layer users. @syl20bnr

不知道有什麼辦法讓 +tools/lsp 快點被作者接收 https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs/pull/10211 … 之後應該會有鋪天蓋地的LSP包

C/C++ 推薦 lsp-mode + lsp-ui + cquery ，原因是 irony-mode 作者 Sarcasm 也說好用， ycmd開發者跑來捧場

HepIsaac · 2018 年6 月 8 日 01:57

你好，我最近在研究这份配置。但是不是里面有些代码错误。

twlz0ne · 2018 年6 月 8 日 07:38

一年前的配置，出错太正常了。

配置是有时效性的，现在建议使用 lsp-mode + ccls/cquery。